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FAN8423D3
3-Phase BLDC Motor Driver
Features
* * * * * * * * * * 3-phase, full-wave, linear BLDC motor driver Power save at stop mode Built-in current limiter Built-in TSD (thermal shutdown) circuit Built-in 3X and 1X hall FG output Built-in hall bias circuit Built-in rotational direction detector Built-in reverse rotation preventer Built-in short braker Corresponds to 5 V DSP
Description
The FAN8423D3 is a monolithic IC, suitable for a 3-phase spindle motor driver of a CD-media system.
28-SSOPH-375SG2
Typical Applications
* * * * * * * Compact disk ROM (CD-ROM) spindle motor Compact disk RW (CD-RW) spindle motor Digital video disk ROM (DVD-ROM) spindle motor Digital video disk RAM (DVD-RAM) spindle motor Digital video disk Player (DVDP) spindle motor Other compact disk media spindle motor Other 3-phase BLDC motor
Ordering Information
Device FAN8423D3 Package
28-SSOPH-375SG2
Operating Temp. -25C ~ +75C -25C ~ +75C
FAN8423D3TF 28-SSOPH-375SG2
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
(c)2000 Fairchild Semiconductor International
FAN8423D3
Pin Assignments
FG1X FG3X VCC ECR CS1 NC EC NC 16 13 H3+ SB VH 15 14 H3FIN(GND) PC1 17 12 H2S/S DIR 20 VM 27
28
26
25
24
23
22
21
19
18
FAN8423D3
1 NC
2 A3
3 NC
4 A2
5 NC
6 NC
7 A1 FIN(GND)
8 GND
9 H1+
10 H1-
11 H2+
Pin Definitions
Pine Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 2 Pin Name NC A3 NC A2 NC NC A1 GND H1+ H1H2+ H2H3+ H3VH NC PC1 SB FG3X DIR ECR EC S/S FG1X VCC NC VM CS1 I/O O O O I I I I I I I I O O I I I O No connection Output (A3) No connection Output (A2) No connection No connection Output (A1) Ground Hall signal (H1+) Hall signal (H1-) Hall signal (H2+) Hall signal (H2-) Hall signal (H3+) Hall signal (H3-) Hall bias No connection Phase compensation capacitor Short brake FG waveform (3X) Rotational direction output Output current control reference Output current control voltage Power save (Start/Stop switch) FG waveform (1X) Supply voltage (Signal) No connection Supply voltage (Motor) Output current detection Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000. Pin Function Description
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Current Sense Amp
28
NC
CS1
27
A3
VM
26
NC
NC
25
Internal Block Diagram
A2
VCC
24
NC
FG1X Generator Start Stop
FG1X
23
NC
S/S
22
A1
EC
GND
-
GND
+
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
Lower Distribu8 9 GND H1+ 10 H111 H2+
Output Current Limit
Reverse Rotation
20 DIR
Absolute Values
Upper Distribu-
21
ECR
Commutation Selector Detector Direction Hall Amp
12 H213 H3+ 14 H3-
Logic
19 18
FG3X Generator Short Brake
FG3X
SB
17 16
PC1
NC
TSD Hall
15
VH
FAN8423D3
3
FAN8423D3
Equivalent Circuits
Hall Input
27 9 50 11 13 1K 1K 50 12 14 2 4 7 10
Driver Output
28
Torque Control Input
Hall Bias Input
50 21 50 22
+ -
15
100K
Start/stop Input
Short Brake Input
50 23
40K 18 30K
50
1K
20K
Fg Output
Vcc
Dir Output
Vcc
10K 50 19 24
30K 50 20
4
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
FAN8423D3
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25C)
Parameter Maximum supply voltage (Signal) Maximum supply voltage (Motor) Power dissipation Maximum output current Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Symbol VCCmax VMmax PD IOmax TOPR TSTG Value 7 15 2.5note 1.3 -25 ~ +75 -55 ~ +150 Unit V V W A C C
NOTE: 1. When mounted on a 76.2mm x 114mm x 1.57mm PCB (Phenolic resin material). 2. Power dissipation reduces 16.6mW/C for using above Ta = 25C 3. Do not exceed PD and SOA (Safe operating area).
Power Dissipation Curve
Pd (mW) 3,000 2,000 SOA 1,000 0
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
Ambient temperature, Ta [C]
Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = 25C)
Parameter Supply Voltage Motor Supply Voltage Symbol Vcc VM Min. 4.5 3.5 Typ. 5 12 Max. 5.5 14 Unit V V
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
5
FAN8423D3
Electrical Characteristics
(Unless otherwise specified, Ta = 25 C, Vcc=5 V, VM=12 V) Parameter Quiescent circuit current 1 Quiescent circuit current 2 START/STOP On voltage range Off voltage range HALL BIAS Hall bias voltage HALL AMP Hall bias current Common-mode input range Minimum input level H1 hysteresis level TORQUE CONTROL Ecr Input voltage range Ec Input voltage range Offset voltage (-) Offset voltage (+) Ec Input current Ecr Input current Input/output gain FG FG output voltage (H) FG output voltage (L) Duty (reference value) OUTPUT BLOCK Saturation voltage (upper TR) Saturation voltage (lower TR) Torque limit current DIRECTION DETECTOR DIR output voltage (H) DIR output voltage (L) SHORT BRAKE ON voltage range OFF voltage range VSBon VSBoff 2.5 0 Vcc 1.0 V V VDIRh VDIRl IFG=-10 A IFG=10 A 4.5 4.7 0.5 V V VOH VOL ITL Io=-300 mA Io=300 mA RCS=0.5 560 0.9 0.4 700 1.4 0.7 840 V V mA VFGh VFGl Ifg=-10 A Ifg=10 A 4.5 4.9 50 0.5 V V % ECR EC ECoffECoff+ ECin ECRin GEC Ec=2.5 V Ec=2.5 V Ec=2.5 V Ecr=2.5 V Ec=2.5 V, Rcs=0.5 1.0 1.0 -80 20 0.41 -50 50 0.3 0.3 0.51 4.0 4.0 -20 80 3 3 0.61 V V mV mV A A A/V IHA VHAR VINH VHYS 1.0 60 5 0.5 20 2 4.0 40 A V mVpp mVpp VHB IHB=20 mA 0.4 1.0 1.8 V VSSon VSSoff Output driver ON Output driver OFF 2.5 0.0 Vcc 1.0 V V Symbol Icc1 Icc2 Condition At stop mode At start mode Min. Typ. 5 Max. 0.2 10 Unit mA mA
6
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
FAN8423D3
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Calculation of Gain & Torque Limit Current
VM IO VM
Current / Voltage Convertor - Vin EC ECR + - Gm Absolute Values + + + + Vmax - VM R1 -
- VS Output RS Current sense + CS1 (Pin 28)
Negative Feedback loop U V W IO
Driver
Power Transistors
Commutation Distributor H1 H2
H3
Max. output current limiting
0.255 is GM times R1, is a fixed value within IC.
0.255 Gain = -------------- [ A V ] RS
Vmax (see above block diagram) is set at350mV.
Vmax 350 [ mV ] Itl [ mA ] = --------------- = ----------------------RS RS
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
7
FAN8423D3
Application Information
1. Torque Control & Output Current Control
VM + VM Vcs Torque AMP Ecr + +
ECR-EC
Rcs
Current Sense AMP Gain Controller TSD
Io Driver
-
M
Ec
1) By amplifying the voltage difference between Ec and Ecr from Servo IC, the Torque Sense AMP produces the input (VAMP) for the Current Sense AMP. 2) The output current (IO) is converted into the voltage (VCS) through the sense resistor (RCS) and compared with the VAMP. By the negative feedback loop, the sensed output voltage, VCS is equal to the input VAMP. Therefore, the output current (IO) is linearly controlled by the input VAMP. 3) As a result, the signals, EC and ECR can control the velocity of the Motor by controlling the output current (IO) of the Driver. 4) The range of the torque voltage is as shown below.
Current [mA] 700 500 EcoffEcoff+ Reverse Forward ECR > Ec ECR < Ec Rotation Forward rotation Stop after detecting reverse rotation
6 -50mV 0 50mV
0.51[A/V]
The input range of ECR and EC is 1.0 V ~ 4 V ( RNF = 0.5[] )
8
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
FAN8423D3
2. Short Brake
MOTOR Vcc OFF
ON OFF
18
2 1K ON 20K 4 7
Pin # 18 High Low
Short Brake ON OFF
When the pick-up mechanism moves from the inner to the outer spindle of the CD, the Brake function of the reverse voltage is commonly employed to decrease the rotating velocity of the Spindle Motor. However, if the Spindle Motor rotates rapidly, the Brake function of the reverse voltage may produce more heat at the Drive IC. To remove this shortcoming and to enhance the braking efficiency, the Short Brake function is added to FAN8423D3. When the Short Brake function is active, all upper Power TRs turn off and all lower Power TRs turn on. This slows down the motor.
3. Start/stop (Power Save)
MOTOR Vcc OFF
Start Stop
23
2 40K OFF 30K 4 7
Pin # 23 High Low
Start/Stop Operate Stop
When Start/Stop function is active, all Power TRs turn off.
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
9
FAN8423D3
4. Tsd (Thermal Shutdown)
Gain Controller BIAS Q2
When the chip temperature rises up to about 175C, the Q2 turns on so that the output driver shuts down. When the chip temperature falls off to about 150C, then the Q2 turns off so that the driver is to operate normally. TSD has the temperature hysteresis of about 25C.
5. Rotational Direction Detection
Vcc
H2+ H2-
+ -
DIR 20 D Q
Rotation Forward Reverse
20
DIR
Low High
CK H3+ H3+ D-F/F
1) The forward and the reverse rotations of the CD are detected by using the D-F/F and the truth table as shown above. 2) The rotational direction of the CD can be explained by the output waveform of the Hall sensors. Let the three outputs of Hall sensors be H1, H2 and H3 respectively. When the spindle rotates in reverse direction, the Hall sensor output waveform are shown in Fig.(a). Thus the phases are in order H1H2H3 with a 120 phase difference.
H1
H2
H3
(a) Reverse rotation
On the other hand, if the spindle rotates in forward rotation, the phase relationship is H3H2H1 as shown in Fig.(b)
10
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
FAN8423D3
H1
H2
H3
(b) Forward rotation
Therefore, the output of the rotational direction detector is Low, when the spindle rotates forward, while HIGH as in the case of the reverse rotation.
6. Reverse Rotation Prevention
EC ECR
+ -
Current Sense Amp
H2+ H2-
+ A D CK D-F/F Q
Low Active
H3+ H3-
+ -
Gain Controller
Driver
M
1) When the output of the OR Gate, A is LOW, it steers all the output current of the current sense Amp to the Gain Controller zero. The output current of the Driver becomes zero and the motor stops. 2) As in the state of the forward rotation, the D-F/F output, Q is HIGH and the motor rotates normally. At this state, if the control input is changed such that EC>ECR, then the motor rotates slowly by the reverse commutation in the Driver. When the motor rotates in reverse direction, the D-F/F output becomes Low and the OR Gate output, becomes LOW. This prevents the motor from rotating in reverse direction. The operation principle is shown in the table and the flow chart. Rotation Forward Reverse H2 H L H3 HL HL D-F/F (Q) H L Reverse Rotation Preventer ECECR Brake and Stop
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
11
FAN8423D3
Forward rotation at EC < ECR Rotating speed is decreased due to reverse torque at EC >ECR. (Motor still rotates forward) At the moment that the motor rotates in reverse, the reverse rotation preventer makes the output power transistor open. Rotating reverse at short time due to motor inertia Stop within 1/6 turn reverse rotating
7. Fg Output
H1H1+ 24 H2H2+ 19
FG1X
FG3X
H3H3+
8. Hall Sensor Connection
Vcc Vcc
HALL 1 HALL 1 HALL 2 HALL 3
HALL 2
HALL 3
15 VH
15 VH
12
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
FAN8423D3
9. Connect A By-pass Capacitor, 0.1f Between The Supply Voltage Source
Vcc
25 0.1uF
(1) The heat radiation fin is connected to the internal Gnd of the package. Connect that fin to the external Gnd.
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
13
FAN8423D3
10. Input-output Timing Chart
H1 +
H2 +
H3 +
A1 output current (H1 -)+(H2 +)
A1 output voltage
A2 output current (H2 -)+(H3 +)
A2 output voltage
A3 output current (H3 -)+(H1 +)
A3 output voltage
14
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
FAN8423D3
Test Circuits
10uA 20mA
14 5V 12V VR1 IM3 A IM2 A 10uA 15 VM V Rcs 0.5 VM6 VR2 IM1 A VR3
V VM5
13
V VM3
VR5 10uA
IM2 A
15 V VM4 0.1uF
VM6
28 CS1
27 VM
26 NC
25 VCC
24 FG1X
23 SS
22 EC
21 ECR
20 DIR
19
18
17 PS1
16 NC
15 VH
FG3X SB
FAN8423D3
A3 1 2 3 A2 4 5 6 A1 7 GND 8 H1+ 9 IM4 SW1 VM8 V c b a c b SW2 a V c b SW3 a V A VR8 VR9 A H110 IM5 A H2+ 11 IM6 A H212 IM7 A H3+ 13 IM8 A H314 IM9
VR10 VR11 VR12 VR13
RL=5
RL=5
RL=5
SW13 a b
V
VM1
V VM2
12V 300mA 300mA
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
15
FAN8423D3
Typical Application circuits
0.5 1 NC CS1 28 27 26 VM (12V)
2 3 4 5 6 7
A3 NC
VM NC
A2 NC NC
VCC FG1X SS
25 VCC (5V) 24 ST 23 SP 22 2.1V
A1
EC
FAN8423D3
8 9 HALL 1 10 H1- FG3X 19 GND ECR 21 20
H1+
DIR
Servo Signal
11 HALL 2 12 13 HALL 3 14
H2+ H2-
SB PC1
18 R2 17 16 0.1F
H3+ H3-
NC VH
15 R1
16
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
FAN8423D3
Rev. 1.0.1 Oct. 2000.
17
FAN8423D3
DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR INTERNATIONAL. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user.
www.fairchildsemi.com 12/1/00 0.0m 001 Stock#DSxxxxxxxx 2000 Fairchild Semiconductor International
2. A critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

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